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Post‑quantum cryptography (PQC) is becoming urgent as attackers are already harvesting encrypted data with the expectation that future quantum computers will decrypt it. Current RSA and ECC‑based certificates are vulnerable, and upcoming standards from NIST, the CA/Browser Forum, FPKI and DoD will require organizations to transition to PQC algorithms. Certificates, hardware, issuance systems and lifecycle processes will all need major updates, and automation will be essential as replacement volume increases. Frameworks like the PQC Maturity Model help organizations benchmark readiness, guide vendor evaluation, and identify gaps. Teams should begin cryptographic inventory, track evolving standards, and prepare infrastructure now. PQC‑ready certificates are emerging in private PKI, and public‑trust versions will follow as standards finalize. Early planning will reduce disruption, preserve compliance options, and support a smooth transition as quantum‑resistant certificates become mandatory.
